Fishing Methods

There probably are as many fishing techniques and fish-catching tricks as there are anglers on the water, but the how-to aspect of sport fishing boils down to a few basic, tried-and-true fishing methods that have worked for as long as man has been trying to catch fish on a hook and line. If you master these basic methods, you’ll become a successful angler.

Floats	Sinkers

Still-fishing: The simplest of fishing methods can also be the most effective. As its name implies, still-fishing is a matter of putting your bait in the water and waiting for a fish to find it. This method will catch most kinds of fish and can be used from a boat, a dock, a jetty or from shore. Depending on water depth and what you’re trying to catch, you may want to still-fish near the surface, at a mid-water depth, or right down on the bottom. Using a float, or bobber, makes it easy to fish near the surface, or you can add sinkers to your line to fish deeper.

Casting: The term “casting” actually has two meanings in fishing. It describes the act of using a rod, reel and line to carry your bait or lure out into the water. It also is a specific fishing method, as opposed to still-fishing and other methods we’ll describe here.

Spinners	Spoons	Spinner Baits

There are times when a moving lure works best, especially for some fish species. At other times you may want to place a lure in a particular spot, such as right next to a submerged stump 30 feet from shore or under a tree that’s leaning out over the water. These situations are when casting is the fishing method that offers the best chance of catching fish. It’s the kind of fishing where you cast and retrieve, usually with an artificial lure, to fish waters where fish might be lurking and to coax them into striking. Spinners, wobbling spoons, plugs and spinnerbaits are lures commonly used for casting.

Trolling: Many of the lures used in casting also work for trolling, because it’s another fishing method that requires movement to be effective. Trolling is simply dragging a lure, bait or a bait-and-lure combination through the water, using a boat rather than casting and retrieving to provide movement.

Jigging: Some artificial lures function best if they’re worked through the water in an up-and-down motion, commonly referred to as jigging. Lifting and dropping the rod tip is what provides the jigging motion. Leadheads are the most common kind of jig, but for some fish species, especially saltwater salmon and bottomfish, the jigging lure might be a long, thin, slab of lead or other metal in the shape of a herring or other baitfish.

Plugs	Jigs	Artificial Flies

Fly Fishing: Artificial flies are nothing more than fur, feathers, thread, tinsel and other materials tied around a hook to resemble an insect, a grub, a minnow or some other small morsel that a fish might eat. Because they are often very small and always very light, they can’t be cast like a heavy lure. For that reason, they are usually fished with special lines, rods and reels designed just for this kind of fishing.