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WILD
Salmon Trunk Activities, Tools and Resources |
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The listed activities provide experiences for the audience to answer the following questions and meet the following objectives:
Critical Questions and Learning Objectives:
Choose from these activities to help your audience/learners answer the critical questions about salmon:
WDFW "Washington Salmon" slide show and Overhead Presentation
Ages: 7th grade to adult
Time: Approximately 20 minutes.
Materials: Slide box, slide script, overhead transparencies (found in the packet labeled "Slide Show and Overhead Presentation".) Depending on the group to whom you are presenting, you may need to supply a slide projector/overhead projector and screen.
Preparation: Preview slides, script, and discussion questions (below).
Description: The slide show provides a brief overview of Washington salmon, describing the basic life history of salmon, the key elements of salmon habitat (4 C's) and the 5 H's of salmon recovery, emphasizing the role of Washington's citizens.
Critical Questions addressed: 1. Essential 2. Endangerment and 3. Recovery
Ages: 6th grade and up
Time: 50-60 minutes
Materials: Set up stations 1, 2 and 3 with question tents. All materials provided in the trunk.
Description: Set up stations with teaching aids, info tents and question tents. Assign one or a pair of students to each station. Give students 10 minutes to prepare to teach about the station content which answers a station question. Be prepared to help at stations that need clarification. Students will pass through the stations sequentially, where the new arriving student is instructed by the current expert. The expert leaves and goes to the next station to learn from the next station, then teaches the next visiting student at that station. All students will rotate through the stations as learners and instructors at each station.
Critical Questions addressed: 1. Essential 2. Endangerment and 3. Recovery
Ages: 2nd grade and up
Time: 20-40 minutes
Materials: Salmon flash cards; salmon models (plastic and bag model); salmon scales, otoliths, life cycle puppets, egg tube displays, laminated display of salmon anatomy.
Description: Small groups will take turns presenting an explanation of a part of the salmon anatomy or life cycle. The other players will try to guess if the explanation is true or is a lie cleverly disguised as the truth.
Critical Questions addressed: 1. Essential
Ages: 5th-12th grade
Time: At least 45 minutes
Materials: Trunk contains survey tape.
Preparation: Create names for people living in the watershed ( logger, fisher, farmer) and signs for location of towns, industries and land forms.
Description: In this role-playing activity, students build a representation of their watershed in their classroom, using survey tape to represent the river and streams, and placing a few signs for the towns, industries, and land forms. Some of the students take on the role of people in the watershed ( a logger, a fisher, a farmer, etc). The rest of the students ask questions of the watershed folks about their jobs, salmon challenges, and what kinds of things they can do to help salmon and people.
Critical Questions addressed: 2. Endangerment 3. Recovery.
Age: Grades 6-8
Time: 30-40 minutes.
Materials: Laminated master of hexaflexagon provided in Arts & Crafts Activity Packet. Make your own copies.
Description: Make enough student copies from the laminated master of the hexaflexagon on 11x17" paper - heavier card stock if possible. Follow the directions on the master to create a hexaflexagon which rotates to display the salmon life cycle. A completed sample has been included in the packet.
Critical Questions addressed: 1. Essential
Age: K-2
Time: 30-40 minutes
Materials: Laminated master of salmon: side A and B provided in Arts & Crafts Activity Packet. Make your own copies.
Description: Make a student copy from the laminated master of the pattern A and pattern B of the chinook Salmon. Cut out the pattern, color, staple the sides leaving room to stuff with light waste material. Display by hanging the results around the classroom.
Critical Questions addressed: 1. ValueThe following activities have extensive instructions for educators located in the WILD Salmon Activity Appendix:
Ages: 4th grade and up
Time: 50 minutes
Materials: Salmon Rescue Card provided
Preparation: Set Salmon Display Materials. All materials provided in the trunk.
Description: 10 minutes: Introduce this activity by asking students to look at the egg stages, and describe what they see changing with each egg picture. Have the students write the number of days of growth and name of stage next to each egg.
Presentation option: Presenter follows the outline of the Salmon Rescue card and describes the Salmon Crisis using the poster displays. Learners fill out the salmon rescue card as the presenter addresses each question and pledge what changes they will make for salmon. Presenter signs their card and offers a prize - e.g. WDFW Ruler "You can make a measurable difference".
Display option: Set up display posters including "Salmon Life Cycle" and have pairs of students or individuals find or select responses on the "Salmon Rescue Card". Provide at least 15 minutes for students to explore the displays and complete their cards. Regroup and ask the whole class for responses on their favorite salmon, what salmon are endangered where they live, and what they will do for salmon (get ideas from "Your Impact on Salmon" master included in WDFW Resource Binder - Salmon Smart. Point out where and when students can see salmon in streams in Washington (other side of Salmon Rescue Card).
Critical Questions addressed: 1. Value
Ages: Grades K-5
Time: 5-10 minutes
Materials: Aquatic WILD Activity provides illustrations with sheets of salmon related aquatic life. Laminate (optional) the illustrations and cut the sheets into individual aquatic cards.
Description: Good icebreaker. Make pairs of aquatic cards for students to match the young stages of aquaticanimals with the corresponding adult stages. Give one card to each student and have them find their match by checking other student's cards.
Washington adaptation: Match the description of the salmonids with the illustration.
Critical Questions addressed: 1. Value of Salmon
Ages: Grades 4-8, audience and performers, Grades 7-10, mentor performers
Time: 30 minutes
Materials: Play script provided. Five sock puppets provided. You build a set and use creative props (from the trunk). Feel free to edit the play.
Description: Students tell the story about the salmon life cycle using the five sock puppets. Be creative and add your own sock or stick puppets. Give a line of the prepared dialogue to each additional puppet or add your own lines. The Salmon Life Cycle basic facts are stated in the play.
Critical Questions Addressed: 1. Value of salmon
Ages: K-12
Time: 5-10 minutes
Materials: Trunk provides "Salmon Habitat Bag" with plastic insect, branches, gravel, water globe, toy bear or bald eagle, fence, tree cross-section, etc.
Description: The bag contains items that represent the key features of salmon habitat: a plastic insect representing food, a bush pile representing large woody debris for in stream structures providing cover; clean gravel (for pink, coho, sockeye redds) and cobble (for Chinook redds) (mixture of gravel and cobble for chum); an eagle or bear representing natural predators; a snow globe with otters and kelp representing the estuarine phase and pollution problems. The students pass them around while the facilitator talks about what salmon need and how we can make sure they get it. This is a good activity to use for younger students.
Critical Questions addressed: 1. Life History Value 2. Endangered
Age: Grades 2-6
Time: 50-60 minutes
Materials: Activity, sample bracelet, life cycle poster, and where to find beads via the web provided: You need beads, string or yarn, local map.
Description: Students build a salmon life cycle bracelet using eight to twelve beads of their choice. Each bead stands for a part of the cycle in a story they construct.
Critical questions addressed: 1. Value of Salmon
Age: Grades 6-8
Time: two or three 45 minute periods
Materials: Aquatic WILD Activity provided: You need paper; pencils; standard library reference sources; art materials for a mural
Description: Students research the role of estuarine environments to the survival of salmon, create a mural and report to the class about their findings. Estuaries are the keyhole through which salmon pass to begin and end their journeys.
Washington adaptation provided: Use the attached research document, news release, and marine protected area poster information to determine the health of the Puget Sound estuaries for salmon. What has changed which impacts salmon survival?
Critical Questions Addressed: 1. Life Cycle 2. Endangerment
Age: Grades 2-6
Time: 45 minutes
Materials: Activity provided: You need ziploc bag, permanent markers, transparency film, blue hairstyling gel, scissors.
Description: Students create their own aquariums representing the estuarine environment salmon depend on during one phase of their life cycle.
Critical Questions Addressed: 1. Value of Salmon
Age: Grades 4-12
Time: three 45 minute periods
Materials: Aquatic WILD Activity provided: You need paper, pencils, map of state, etc.
Description: Students conduct an inventory of fish habitats that exist in their area, obtain information about the various fish species that occur in these habitats, and locate the fish species on a map.
Washington adaptation provided: Use the endangered species map to determine what salmonids are in danger where students live. Use the CD ROM and WDFW pamphlets to inventory what fish are in your area.
Critical Questions addressed: 1. Value of Salmon 2. Salmon are Endangered
Ages: Grades 5-9
Time: 30 minutes
Materials: Project WET Activity provided: Trunk contains spray bottle, blue food coloring: You need white scrap paper, 8 1/2" x 11" , 3 water soluble marker colors. (Use food coloring if markers are not available.)
Description: Through the use of a simple watershed model and discussion, participants will learn the basic components of a watershed, and how we impact the watersheds in which we live.
Critical Questions addressed: 2. Endangerment
Audience: Adult and grades 5-12
Time: 30 - 45 minutes.
Description: Students will practice reading an otolith to determine age and use a scientific article to find out how and why scientists mark salmon otoliths to keep track of the salmon.
Materials provided: Otoliths, magnifier, overheads, copies of overheads, scientific report on marking otoliths to track salmon.
Critical Questions addressed: 2. Endangered 3. Recovery
Salmon Question: What can scientists learn about salmon from otoliths?
Audience: Adult and grades 5-12
Time: 30 - 45 minutes
Materials: Fish scales, magnifiers, diagram showing how to count rings, pages, enlarged scales to practice aging fish, overheads, scientific report on use of scales in salmon management.
Description: Students will practice reading fish scales to determine the age of a salmon.
Critical Questions addressed: 2. Endangered 3. Recovery.
Salmon Question: What can scientists learn about salmon from fish scales?
Audience: Adult and grades 5-12
Time: 30 - 45 minutes.
Materials provided: Activity Packet 12: Coded wire tag disk. Plastic fish head model. Magnifier. Overheads on wire tags. Poster description and pictures of coded wire tag process.
Description: Students will create a poster describing the use of coded wire tags in managing salmon.
Critical Questions addressed: 2. Endangered 3. Recovery
Salmon Question: How do scientists count salmon? How are hatcheries helping wild salmon recover?
Time: One or two 40 to 60-minute periods
Materials: Aquatic WILD Activity provided: You need graph paper; copies of fish catch data; information about each fish species and historical information.
Description: Students graph and interpret actual fish population data in relation to historical events.
Washington data provided: Use Washington state data for salmonids to determine trends in fish populations.
Critical Questions Addressed: 2. Endangered
Age: K-12
Time: 20-60 minute periods
Materials: Aquatic WILD activity provided: You need pencil and paper, world map, magazines and newspapers, field trip.
Description: Students visit a local supermarket or grocery and compile a list of products that originate in aquatic habitats.
Washington adaptation provided: Pamphlets are provided on Washington aquatic species and how they may be prepared for a meal.
Critical Questions addressed: 1. Value of Salmon
Age: Grades 1-12
Time: on several class periods or longer
Materials: Aquatic WILD Activity provided: You need newspaper and website resources
Description: Students investigate, write and produce a newspaper that features the salmon endangered species issue.
Washington adaptation: Using the news releases and web sites provided, compile a newspaper on the salmon issue.
Critical Questions addressed: 1. Value 2. Endangered 3. Recovery.
Age: Grades 3-9
Time: 30-60 minutes
Materials provided: Aquatic WILD Activity provided: Trunk contains 14 foot jump rope, and 4 boundary flags.
Description: Students simulate Pacific salmon and the hazards faced by salmon in an activity portraying their life cycle. Students role play salmon, predators, fishing boats and turbines of dams.
Critical Questions addressed: 2. Endangered
Age: Grades 4-12
Time: Two to three 45 minute periods.
Materials: Aquatic WILD Activity provided: You make role playing cards from template provided.
Description: Students role play individuals representing differing perspectives and concerns related to a complex issue.
Washington adaptation provided: Several articles on dams of the Columbia river system may be used to determine stakeholders and their positions. Research report (PATH document) on the effect of dams on salmonid production provided for analysis of purpose, questions asked and conclusions reached.
Critical Questions addressed: 2. Endangered
Age: Grades 7-12
Time: two or three 45 minute periods;
Materials: Aquatic WILD Activity provided. You use WDFW informational materials provided in trunk and find other sources of information about salmon (available in trunk).
Description: Students analyze and evaluate print materials according to criteria they establish for quality, balance, and fairness. Then students develop their own informational material or presentations using the same criteria.
Washington adaptation provided:
-Print material from several sources introducing the salmon issue available in the Introductory Activity Packet A.
-Four activity/coloring books available from several sources in Coloring/Activity book Packet.
-Three videos describing the Salmon Issue in Washington from diverse sources available in the Video Packet.
Critical Questions Addressed: 1. Value 2. Endangered 3. Salmon Recovery
Ages: Grades 3-12
Time: 30-40 minutes or longer
Materials: Aquatic WILD Activity provided: You need ten different colors of construction paper ( sheets each); writing or graph paper, scotch tape or glue; paper punch; Pollutant Information Sheets (with lesson plan; make one copy for each student: ¼ teaspoon measure (for paper punch tokens ); 1 tablespoon (for ½" square tokens)
Description: Students analyze the pollutants found in a hypothetical river. They graph the quantities of pollutants and make recommendations about actions that could be taken to improve the environment.
Washington case study provided: A newspaper article and report on how polluted water around Aberdeen, WA affected salmon survival. A newspaper article questioning the health of South Sound water for salmon.
Critical Questions Addressed: 2. Endangered
Age: Grades 7-12
Time: One or two class periods 60 minutes each
Materials: Aquatic WILD Activity provided: You need writing materials.
Description: Students identify people - who have made contributions to conserving and preserving aquatic environments; research their contribution, if possible interview them; and write a biography.
Washington adaptation provided:Critical Questions addressed: 3. Recovery. What science and which scientists are involved in WDFW's efforts to recover salmon.
- Biographies of WDFW Fisheries scientists provided and also available at the WDFW website.
- Otolith research conducted by Dr. Scheoder and team.
- Scale research conducted by John Sneva.
- Wild Salmonid research conducted by Dave Seiler, WDFW Fish Management.
Audience: Adult Presentations: Highschool presentation
Time: 50 minutes
Setting: Indoors
Materials: You prepare large fish and egg cutouts according to instructions.
Description: First determine up to three runs to address and then research their run months; including months the eggs are in the stream beds, the months the juveniles are present in the streams and the months they are migrating. Prepare a wall display of large signs for each month of the year. Each member of the audience receives cutouts and places the fish stage (month on one side) under the month it uses the stream. The facilitator will talk about each run important to their region and lead a discussion on stream stewardship.
Critical Questions Addressed: 1. Value 2. Endangered 3. Recovery
Ages: 4th grade and up.
Time: This is an ongoing project that you will initiate in a 15-30 minute activity. For at least one month, the teacher will check in with the students weekly regarding their progress.
Materials: Handout supplied.
Preparation: Make one copy of the handout for each student.
Description: Students will take a pledge to do two "salmon enhancing" activities for at least one month.
Critical Questions Addressed: 3. Recovery
Ages: 7th grade and up.
Time: This is an ongoing project that you will initiate in a 15-30 minute activity. For at least one month, the teacher will check in with the students weekly regarding their progress.
Materials: Master of " Your Impact on Salmon" available in Appendix or WDFW website
Preparation: Make one copy of the handout for each student.
Description: The self-assessment is designed to make participants aware of how their personal actions in their households, property, workplace and community affect salmon. Participants use the self-assessment to analyze their lifestyle and to figure out how they can be "salmon savers" instead of a "salmon threat". Students will take a pledge to undertake two "salmon enhancing" activities for at least one month.
Critical Questions Addressed: 3. Recovery
Audience: K-8 for coloring and activities, Grades 9-adult for salmon identification
Time: Flexible
Materials: Master to make copies of Salmon Rescue Activity Coloring Pages provided in appendix
Description: Salmon Rescue contains activity pages with identification tips for salmonids and coloring pages of actions people can take to restore salmon depicted in the WDFW "Watershed Restoration Partnership" poster. These coloring pages may be used to create dioramas of salmon recovery.
Critical Questions Addressed: 1. Value 3. Recovery
Audience: K-12 and adults
Time: Flexible
Materials: Guidelines to collect data provided in the Appendix.
Description: Students and adults are encouraged to collect data that helps define and describe their watershed and to report this data to the public NatureMapping data base. NatureMappers as citizen scientists have access to expert data and receive support to answer scientific questions they pose. Complete guidelines are available for fish species and wildlife data collection and reporting. Draft guidelines are available on data collection for fish and streams, and water quality parameters. The NatureMapping section of WILD Activities will be updated as NatureMapping for Water, Fish and Streams is completed.
Critical Questions Addressed: 3. Recovery
Aquatic WILD: Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife
WILD About Salmon: Idaho Fish and Game
A Fish Hatchery Next Door: Washington version: WDFW & USFWS
One With the Watershed: Salmon Homecoming
The Tribal Communities of the Pacific Northwest, The Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission, The Seattle Aquarium.
Salmon Rescue: WDFW Activity Book - Master - Salmon ID & What people can do to help save Washington's salmon.
Salmon Homecoming: An Activity Book for Kids: Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission, Coast Salish Tribes, Seattle City Light, EPA, The Seattle Times
The Pacific Salmon and Steelhead Coloring Book: USFWS Describes the salmon issue including the role of habitat, harvest, hatcheries and hydropower.
Discovering Salmon: A Nature Activity Book. Dog-eared publication. Basics of Salmon Biology and Life History. Games, crosswords.
Trees to Seas: Journey of the Wild Salmon: Board Game. Washington Arbor Day Council, Northwest Forest Education Foundation. Laminated board game available to copy on 2 @11" X 17" segments for classroom use.
Salmon Challenge: Computer game. The Salmon Challenge leads individuals or small groups through several dilemmas about the impacts that individuals and communities have on salmon. Good for middle school and early high school.
Salmon on the Brink: KCTS 1999 Forests and Fish Forever: Washington Forest Protection Association
Through Salmon Eyes: Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission
WDFW Binder:
- WDFW Salmon Recovery - Website Information
- WDFW Salmon Smart: Manual for Volunteers - Folder
- WDFW Wild Salmonid Policy Summary
- WDFW News Releases
- Why Puget Sound Chinook Face "Threatened" Listings
- Endangered Species Act Listings Mean Hardships
- Forecast Show Poor Salmon Returns
- Also see:
Salmon Recovery Partnership Binder
- WSU Cooperative Extension: ESA and Salmon Materials
- US Fish and Wildlife ESA Information
- National Marine Fisheries Service: Facts About Fish / Salmon in Danger
- "Watershed Restoration Partnerships" (WDFW)
- "Salmon Life Cycle"
- "Macroinvertebrates"
- Value of Salmon, display visuals
- Map of Threatened and Endangered Salmon Runs, display visuals
- 4 H's of Salmon Recovery, display visuals
- Endangered Salmon ID "Salmon in Danger," display visuals
- Migration route of salmon, display
- Salmon Puzzle: We are all part of the problem and solution, display visual
- 4 C's for salmon survival, display
- 5 Species of Salmon Life Cycle Posters
- "We All Live Downstream" WDFW
- "Restoring the Watershed" WDFW
- "Saving the Salmon" from The Olympian
- A Place to Live for Salmon
- ESA Basics Info
- Salmon Survival Graphic
- 18 Ways the Listing Could Affect You
- Value of Salmon - Panel info
- All H's of Salmon Recovery - Panel info